Copyright and Technological Transformations
A Study in the Context of Artificial Intelligence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61438/bsrqj.v3i2.177Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Copyright, Digital Intellectual Property, Non-human WorksAbstract
The proliferation of artificial intelligence applications in content creation has disrupted traditional notions of copyright and obscured the distinction between human and machine creativity. In this context, the current legal framework encounters uncertainties and inadequacies when addressing emerging issues. This study investigates the central question: What opportunities and challenges do AI-generated works pose for copyright protection? It examines the challenges and opportunities engendered by this technological transformation. The primary hypothesis asserts that the traditional copyright framework, with its exclusive emphasis on human elements, is insufficient to encompass works generated by AI fully. Consequently, to achieve justice, protect innovation, and enhance efficiency, a conceptual, legislative, and institutional revision at both the national and international levels is necessary. The principal research tools include library- and document-based studies from credible scientific sources, and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The findings reveal that ambiguities in determining the true author of works, potential infringement of authors' rights during the AI training process, absence of a unified global legal approach, and risk of market saturation with machine-generated content are significant challenges. Conversely, facilitating content creation for non-experts, enhancing productivity in digital publishing, utilizing smart contracts, and redefining the concept of "author" emerged as notable opportunities.
References
Abouzari, M. (2024). Artificial intelligence as a tool of soft power in public policy. Soft Power Studies, 13(4), 81–100.
Ahmadpour, M., Khodaverdi, H., & Keshishyan Siraki, G. (2023). Review and analysis of soft power measurement methods and indicators. Soft Power Studies, 13(3), 141–164.
Babaeian, F., Safdari Ranjbar, M., & Hakim, A. (2023). Investigating the role of artificial intelligence in the public policy cycle; Metasynthesis approach. Journal of Improvement Management, 17(2), 115–150. https://doi.org/10.22034/jmi.2023.396945.2957
Bahmanmirza, F., Hosseinsabet, F., & Sohrabi, F. (2024). The Effect of Social Media Use on Depression with the Mediating Role of Body Image. New Media Studies, 10(39), 140–111. https://doi.org/10.22054/nms.2025.75262.1604
Bysaga, Y. M., Byelov, D. M., & Zaborovskyi, V. V. (2023). Artificial intelligence and copyright and related rights. Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, 2(76), 299–304. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.76.2.47 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.76.2.47
Dehghani, J., & Chehrazad, S. (2023). Artificial intelligence and the continuity of power in Iran’s foreign policy (physical deterrence, club/fear and deterrence strategy). Islamic Revolution Research, 11(4). https://www.roir.ir/article_168675_en.html
European Union Intellectual Property Office. (2022). Study on the impact of artificial intelligence on the infringement and enforcement of copyright and designs. Publications Office. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2814/062663
Florek, I. (Ed.). (2021). Human Rights—From reality to the virtual world. Publisher House WSGE Alcide De Gasperi University of Euroregional Economy ul. Sienkiewicza 4 05-410 Józefów. https://doi.org/10.13166/DIFD9761 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13166/DIFD9761
Ghasemi, H., Alborzi Varaki, M., & Arabian, A. (2022). The nature of copyright in written law systems. Comparative Law Review, 13(2), 777–795. https://doi.org/10.22059/jcl.2022.335524.634286
Han, T. (2023). On the Copyright of Content Generated by Artificial Intelligence. SHS Web of Conferences, 178, 01019. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317801019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317801019
Latifzadeh, M. (2024). Legal Consequences of Benefiting from the Creativity of Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Creation of Literary and Artistic Works. Private Law, 21(1), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.22059/jolt.2024.374825.1007290
Mahmoudi, A., & Bahrekazemi, M. (2024). Artificial intelligence and its impact on international politics. Journal of Political Strategy, 8(2), 237–256.
Mohammadi, N., Hoseinzadeh, J., & Mirshekari, A. (2025). Legal challenges of right of publicity in the light of artificial intelligence. Private Law, 21(2), 233–251. https://doi.org/10.22059/jolt.2024.375689.1007292
Shakeri, Z., & Amirshahkarami, S. H. (2022). A Look at the Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Legal System of Trademarks. Iranian Journal of Public Policy, 8(3), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.22059/jppolicy.2022.89539
Valchuk, D. (2024). ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE COPYRIGHT: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS. Modern Scientific Journal, 3(3), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.36994/2786-9008-2024-3-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36994/2786-9008-2024-3-1