Prevalence and Management of Hepatic Hydatid Cyst at Herat Regional Hospital: A Descriptive Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61438/sarj.v1i2.144Keywords:
hydatid cyst, prevalence, surgery, complications, managementAbstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and management of Hepatic Hydatid Cyst )HHC( at Herat Regional Hospital, Afghanistan. It sought to analyze demographic patterns, cyst characteristics, complications, and treatment outcomes, addressing knowledge gaps in the region's healthcare context.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over 12 months in 2022. Data were collected from 365 inpatients diagnosed with HHC using clinical, radiological, and serological methods. Patients' demographic details, clinical presentations, diagnostic findings, and management strategies were analyzed using SPSS software. Treatments included medical therapy, surgical interventions, or a combination, and outcomes such as recovery, complications, and recurrence were assessed.
Results: HHC prevalence was 3.65% among inpatients, with females (72.87%) and rural residents (72.32%) being the most affected. Most patients (83.56%) were farmers, with cysts predominantly located in the liver's right lobe (84.38%). Complications included biliary fistula (5.75%), cyst infection (5.75%), and peritoneal rupture (5.20%). Surgical intervention was the primary treatment (83.56%), followed by medical therapy (34.69%) and combined approaches (9.80%).
Conclusion: The findings highlight the burden of HHC in rural farming populations, emphasizing early detection and access to minimally invasive treatments. While surgical management reflects late-stage diagnosis, its low recurrence rates with adjunct therapy affirm effectiveness. Public health initiatives, veterinary controls, and improved healthcare infrastructure are crucial for reducing prevalence and enhancing outcomes.
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